---
title: 'Ishmael and the Church'
type: pdf
hasMedia: true
requiresPurchase: false
authors:
- 'Lewis Cheeseman'
date: 1856-01-01
collection: 'Archives'
subcollection: '19th century'
scriptures:
- 'Galatians 4'
- 'Genesis 21'
- 'Genesis 16'
url: https://confessional.org/archives/19th-century/cheeseman-1856-ishmael-and-the-church
---

# Ishmael and the Church

Examines Ishmael and his descendants' relation to the church, treating Islam (Mohammed, Saracens, Ottomans) as a providential force and surveying the Crusades and Reformation.

[Download](https://media.confessional.org/archives/cheeseman-1856-ishmael-and-the-church.pdf)