---
title: 'Spiritual Beings in West Africa: Their Classes and Functions'
type: pdf
hasMedia: true
requiresPurchase: false
authors:
- 'Robert Hamill Nassau'
date: 1903-01-01
collection: 'Archives'
subcollection: '20th century'
topics:
- 'Non-Christian Religions and Beliefs'
- 'Anthropology (Doctrine of Man)'
scriptures:
- 'Genesis 2'
- 'Mark 5'
- 'Ecclesiastes 9'
url: https://confessional.org/archives/20th-century/nassau-1903-spiritual-beings-in-west-africa-their-classes-and-functions
---

# Spiritual Beings in West Africa: Their Classes and Functions

Survey of West African spirit-classes (nsisim, abambo, ombwiri, mondi, yaka, animal possession), their functions, worship practices, and rites for illness and exorcism.

[Download](https://media.confessional.org/archives/nassau-1903-spiritual-beings-in-west-africa-their-classes-and-functions.pdf)