Charles Augustus Aiken (1827–1892) was an American clergyman and scholar who moved from pastoral ministry into a distinguished academic career in classical languages and theology. Educated at Dartmouth College and Andover Theological Seminary (with further study in Germany), he taught at Dartmouth and Princeton, served briefly as president of Union College, and from 1871 held professorships at Princeton Theological Seminary in ethics, apologetics, and Old Testament literature. Aiken also contributed to the American Bible Revision and edited portions of Lange’s Commentary, leaving a lasting imprint on nineteenth-century theological education.