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A Serious Apology for the Ecclesiastical Characteristics

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Defense of a satire exposing corrupt Scottish clergy; urges nobility and church elders to confront ecclesiastical abuses and support laity-led reform to revive religion.
Archive ⬩ Church and State, Ecclesiology
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John Witherspoon (1723 – 1794) was a Scottish-American Presbyterian minister, theologian, and college presidentwho led the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University),

shaped its curriculum, and trained a generation of early American leaders in both faith and civic responsibility. A signer of the Declaration of Independence and delegate to the Continental Congress from New Jersey, he played a significant role in the American Revolution and the founding of the United States, bringing Reformed principles to the nation’s political and educational life.

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