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Plumptre’s “Spirits in Prison”

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Review criticizing E. H. Plumptre’s ‘Wider Hope’—rejects postmortem probation and universalism, defends eternal punishment and traditional soteriology with Scripture appeals (1 Pet. 3; Mark 9; Luke 16).
Archive ⬩ Heaven and Hell, Soteriology
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John Lafayette Girardeau was an American Presbyterian minister, theologian, and seminary professor renowned for his powerful preaching, extensive missionary work among African Americans in Charleston, and later teaching systematic theology at Columbia Theological Seminary. A leading voice in the Southern Presbyterian Church, he authored influential theological works and stood against racial segregation in church governance while shaping debates on the will, worship, and doctrinal fidelity in the late 19th century.

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