Address of the Presbyterian Church in the Confederate States to all the Churches of Jesus Christ throughout the Earth

1862 address explaining Southern Presbyterians’ separation to form an independent church, to avoid political rancor in courts and preserve spiritual unity and church-state distinction.

James Henley Thornwell (November 27, 1812 – December 1, 1862) was an American Presbyterian theologian, minister, and professor whose rigorous Reformed teaching at South Carolina College and Columbia Theological Seminary deeply shaped Southern Presbyterian doctrine in the mid-19th century. A prolific writer and church leader, he defended confessional Calvinism and articulated a theological vision that emphasized church unity and doctrinal fidelity.

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