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Scriptural Duties of Masters

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Suppressed 1858 tract urging Christian masters to provide religious instruction to enslaved people. It criticizes the American Tract Society for advising slaves to obey while withholding masters' duties.
Archive ⬩ Denominational Literature, Pastoral Theology, Slavery
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John Bailey Adger (December 13, 1810 – January 3, 1899) was an American Presbyterian missionary born in Charleston, South Carolina, who served nearly twelve years among the Armenians in Asia Minor, translating the New Testament and other Christian works into Armenian before ill health forced his return to the United States.

After returning home he founded a Presbyterian congregation for Black worshippers in Charleston and later taught ecclesiastical history and church polity at Columbia Theological Seminary from 1857 to 1874, also serving as a pastor in various South Carolina churches.

Known for his scholarly gifts and committed service to the church, he continued pastoral work well into his 80s and authored an extensive autobiography, My Life and Times, before his death in Pendleton, South Carolina.

James Waddel Alexander (July 13, 1804 – July 31, 1859) was a prominent American Presbyterian minister, theologian, and author, born in Louisa County, Virginia, the eldest son of noted clergyman Archibald Alexander and grandson of the famed “Blind Preacher” James Waddel. Educated at the College of New Jersey (Princeton) and its Theological Seminary, he served pastorates in Virginia, New Jersey, and, most notably, in New York City at Duane Street and Fifth Avenue Presbyterian Churches, and also held professorships in rhetoric and ecclesiastical history. Celebrated for his biblical preaching, prolific writings—including practical religious works and hymn translations such as “O Sacred Head, Now Wounded”—and deep piety, Alexander remained influential in church life until his death at Red Sweet Springs, Virginia.

Thomas Smyth was an Irish-born American Presbyterian minister and theologianwho served as pastor of the Second Presbyterian Church in Charleston, South Carolina, for over four decades, authored numerous works defending Presbyterian polity and doctrine, and held to Old School confessional standards while engaging major issues of his day. He also wrote The Unity of the Human Races Proved to Be the Doctrine of Scripture defending monogenism and was a prominent religious figure in the antebellum and Civil War South.

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