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The Confessional Presbyterian Archive is a curated digital library dedicated to preserving and promoting the writings of 17th–20th century Presbyterian pastors, teachers, and leaders. Featuring thousands of searchable texts, biographies, and historical resources, the archive provides direct access to the primary-source materials of American Presbyterianism.

James W.C. Pennington, D.D.

Biography of James W. C. Pennington: born into slavery, he escaped, self-educated, became a Presbyterian minister, scholar and abolitionist lecturer. His later life was marred by alcoholism.
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The Position and Duties of the Colored People

Pennington recounts NYC's 1863 anti-Black riots, ties them to a 1740 persecution, and urges Black self-defense, organized labor, enlistment, and firm assertion of citizenship rights.
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The Great Conflict Requires Great Faith

Abolitionist essays urging Christian duty and faith in God's providence to oppose slavery, calling for moral courage, trust in God, and imminent deliverance.
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The First Colored Convention

Account of the First Colored Convention (Philadelphia, 1830): Hezekiah Grice and leaders debated emigration to Canada, opposed colonization, and advanced early abolitionist organizing.
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A Review of Slavery and the Slave Trade

1859 magazine article presenting Black population and internal slave-trade statistics, followed by J.W.C. Pennington’s historical review condemning slavery and tracing abolition efforts.
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The Government of God Over Nations: A Sermon

Pennington affirms God's sovereign government over nations shapes national destinies and individual conscience. Scripture grounds divine law, judgment, and personal responsibility.
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