Shields’s “Philosophia Ultima”
Argues against modern infidelity and atheism; reviews Shields' Philosophia Ultima advocating harmony between science and religion and philosophy as umpire.
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Archives
The Confessional Presbyterian Archive is a curated digital library dedicated to preserving and promoting the writings of 17th–20th century Presbyterian pastors, teachers, and leaders. Featuring thousands of searchable texts, biographies, and historical resources, the archive provides direct access to the primary-source materials of American Presbyterianism.
Shields’s “Philosophia Ultima”
Dawson’s Modern Science in Bible Lands
Rebukes modern infidelity and reviews Dawson's Modern Science in Bible Lands, arguing science supports biblical accounts of creation, early man, and Exodus.
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Bixby’s “Religion and Science as Allies”
Analyzes the Larger Catechism's definition of baptism, contrasting external water baptism with the Spirit's inward baptism that unites believers to Christ. Affirms regeneration and adoption.
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Cobbe’s “Scientific Spirit of the Age,” Etc.
Analyzes the Larger Catechism's definition of baptism, contrasting the external water rite with inward baptism by the Spirit that unites believers to Christ. Includes related book reviews.
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Christian Apologetics: Inaugural Address
Inaugural address outlining Christian apologetics: its function, scope, and the imperative to defend Christianity by reasoned evidence amid modern skepticism.
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The Inauguration of Dr. C.A. Briggs at Union Seminary, New York
Attacks Burney's denial of penal substitution, warning Cumberland theology drifts from Calvinism toward Pelagianism. Notes Briggs' installation and debate over Scripture authority.
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Schurman’s Belief in God
Reviews critique Burney's rejection of penal substitution and Cumberland theology's drift from Calvinism; assesses Schurman's lectures on belief in God, agnosticism, and origins of religion.
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Stearns’ Evidence of Christian Experience
Defends the authority of revelation against modern skepticism; reviews Stearns' evidential apologetic that inward Christian experience—repentance, faith, and the Spirit's witness—confirms the gospel.
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Musick’s Genesis of Nature
Defends authority of revelation and morals against modern infidelity and Spencerian materialism; critiques translations and reviews works on Genesis and Shakespeare.
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Morris’s Calm Review of Briggs’ Inaugural, Etc.
Discusses confessional revision and transatlantic Calvinist sympathy; reviews critiques of Dr. Briggs' views on biblical inspiration, inerrancy, and calls for greater scholarly liberty.
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Primeval Man
Argues that primeval man was already civilized and religiously endowed, critiquing anthropological evolution which posits primitive savagery. Draws on Genesis narratives.
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Primeval Man
Argues against evolutionary and pre‑Adamite accounts, affirming Genesis portrays early man as intelligent, moral, and religious; critiques archaeological and evolutionary proofs.
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Taylor’s Origin of the Aryans
Reviews Gerhart's Christ-centered systematic theology and Taylor's Origin of the Aryans, arguing European Aryan origins from archaeology, craniology, and philology.
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Driver’s Introduction to the Literature of the Old Testament
Argues Scripture's inspiration is foundational for doctrines of grace. Reviews S.R. Driver's study of Old Testament literature, noting reconstructive criticism and composite authorship.
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Briggs’ The Bible, The Church, and the Reason
Defends Scripture's authority against Briggs' higher criticism, affirms immortality and inerrancy, upholds church creeds and warns of heresy and doctrinal laxity.
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Muller’s Natural Religion
Critique of Max Müller’s Gifford Lectures: defends biblical teaching of the soul’s immortality and rejects naturalistic/pantheistic treatments that deny miracles and revelation.
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The Toronto Council of the Alliance of the Reformed Churches Holding the Presbyterian System
Surveys misconceptions of Presbyterianism (Calvinism, temperance over the “fruit of the vine”) and reports on the Toronto Council of the Alliance of Reformed Churches, its missions and Sabbath observance.
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General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in Canada
Discusses methods of Old Testament criticism and logic, followed by a detailed report of the 1893 General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in Canada on missions, education, Sabbath-schools, and a libel case.
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Baird’s “The Great Baptizer”
Review of Baird's The Great Baptizer: baptism rooted at Sinai, fulfilled at Pentecost, includes infants in the covenant; defends sprinkling and paedobaptism.
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Robertson’s Early Religion of Israel
Essay examines how the relation of thought and language bears on the doctrine of inspiration. Includes a review of Robertson defending the historicity of Israel against higher criticism.
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