Church and Creed
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Survey of creeds from the Apostles' and Nicene to Reformation symbols; advocates returning to primitive creeds and a Bible-based theology over scholastic dogmatics.
Archives
The Confessional Presbyterian Archive is a curated digital library dedicated to preserving and promoting the writings of 17th–20th century Presbyterian pastors, teachers, and leaders. Featuring thousands of searchable texts, biographies, and historical resources, the archive provides direct access to the primary-source materials of American Presbyterianism.
Church and Creed
The Authority of Holy Scripture: An Inaugural Address
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C.A. Briggs' 1891 inaugural defends Scripture as divine and the primary authority over creeds and dogma, outlining biblical theology's role in seminary teaching and ministry.
The Theological Crisis
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Baron de Hirsch urges active philanthropy to convert paupers into self-supporting workers. Charles A. Briggs diagnoses a theological crisis, calling Scripture and the creeds to supplant traditional dogma.
Response to the Charges and Specifications Submitted to the Presbytery of New York
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Argues biblical conditions of salvation: righteousness, truth, and obedience (psalms; Ten Commandments). Also contains Dr. Briggs' procedural objections to Presbytery charges.
The Edward Robinson Chair of Biblical Theology in the Union Theological Seminary
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Records the 1891 establishment and inauguration of the Edward Robinson Chair of Biblical Theology at Union Theological Seminary, appointing C.A. Briggs and affirming Scripture's authority.
Theological Education and Its Needs
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Contains an 1892 debate over renewing the Louisiana Lottery charter and a detailed essay on the history, development, and needs of theological education in America.
The Proposed Revision of the Westminster Confession
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Two pieces: 'Man Above Nature' defends human supernatural, spiritual communion with God beyond natural law. 'Proposed Revision of the Westminster Confession' criticizes numerous committee changes as unwarranted.
The Future of Religion in America
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Two 1892 essays: one probes Darwinism’s relation to the Bible; the other surveys American religion—conservative denominationalism, institutional assimilation, and diverse worship.
The Bible, the Church, and the Reason: The Three Great Fountains of Divine Authority
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Charles A. Briggs examines the Bible, the Church, and Reason as three fountains of divine authority, treating canon, church authority, inerrancy, higher criticism, and biblical history.
The Higher Criticism of the Hexateuch
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Analysis of the Hexateuch arguing the Pentateuch + Joshua are composite works. Traces documentary hypotheses, law-code development, and higher-critical evidence.
Professor Briggs to His Friends
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Selections from The Independent: a memorial for Gen. Armstrong, poems, a Vassar production review of Sophocles’ Antigone, an essay on patriotism, and a defense of Presbyterian constitutionalism.
The Future of Presbyterianism in the United States
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Overview of US Presbyterian history—origins, Old/New School and subscription schisms, the Revision movement—and Briggs's biblical‑critical inaugural address that led to his suspension.
The Alienation of Church and People
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The essay diagnoses the alienation between Church and people: outdated dogma, loss of divine authority, and rising liberal reformers who seek a theology in step with modern thought.
The Sunday-School and Modern Biblical Criticism
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Argues Sunday-schools must engage modern biblical criticism. Examines textual and higher-criticism issues—authorship, integrity, literary form, and credibility, esp. for Genesis and the Gospels.
The Salvation Army
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Discusses Rome's influence on education and profiles the Salvation Army: its origins, military structure, vows, growth, and the prominent role of women in evangelistic work.
The Messiah of the Gospels
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Study tracing the Messianic idea in pre‑Christian Judaism and its expression in the four Gospels. Analyzes Gospel portraits of Christ, the kingdom, resurrection, and the Second Advent.
The Messiah of the Apostles
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Critical biblical-theological study of the apostles' Christology, surveying Messianic portrayals across New Testament writers—Paul, John, Hebrews, and Revelation.
The One Flock of Christ
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Two essays: one defines cultus as the theological theory of divine worship and its origin; the other insists Christ intends one united flock (Jew and Gentile) and condemns ecclesiastical division.
The Wisdom of Jesus the Messiah
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Survey of New Testament textual study and the 'Wisdom of Jesus': Westcott & Hort, concordances, Ben Sira, Logia, and Jesus' teaching as Hebrew wisdom.
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