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The Confessional Presbyterian Archive is a curated digital library dedicated to preserving and promoting the writings of 17th–20th century Presbyterian pastors, teachers, and leaders. Featuring thousands of searchable texts, biographies, and historical resources, the archive provides direct access to the primary-source materials of American Presbyterianism.

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The Position of the Human Race in the Divine Economy

Duffield argues humanity is universally 'under sin' by God's permissive will so that mercy may be shown through Christ to believers; he examines sin, permission, and God's purpose.
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The Discovery of the Law of Gravitation

Seiss affirms the one holy, catholic Church as an invisible body founded on the prophets, apostles and Christ. Duffield surveys the history of the law of gravitation from Kepler to Newton.
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The Philosophy of Mathematics

Princeton Review (Apr 1867) essays: a memorial of Western Presbyterian pioneers and "The Philosophy of Mathematics," examining Comte, definitions, and the scope of mathematical science.
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Evolutionism Respecting Man and the Bible

Argues that evolutionary accounts of human origins conflict with the Bible, analyzing Genesis 1–2 and holding Eve's creation as a decisive challenge to human-evolution claims.
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The Anthropology of Evolutionism and the Bible

Argues whether evolution of man is consistent with Scripture, analyzing Genesis accounts (creation of man and woman) and hermeneutical consequences for biblical anthropology.
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Presbytery Versus General Assembly

1893 issue of The Independent: poems and devotions, a memorial sketch of Phillips Brooks' pastoral sympathy and ministry, and a discussion on presbyterian polity over Assembly vs presbyteries.
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The Rights of a Suspended Presbyterian Minister

From The Independent (1898): Cuyler urges silent, filial submission to God's chastening and providence; Duffield analyzes the standing and re‑ordination rights of suspended Presbyterian ministers.
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Subjection to Brethren in the Lord

Aug 17, 1893 newspaper pieces: poems and essays on poetry vs. science, coverage of the upcoming Parliament of Religions with interfaith delegates, and an essay on individual liberty amid industrialization.
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The Crisis in the Presbyterian Church

A Princeton professor's call to 'reconstruct' theology and abandon Westminster subscription sparked a Presbyterian crisis; the General Assembly condemned his appointment for violating church polity.
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Federation of the Reformed Churches

March 1895 issue of The Independent: poems on judgment, essays on conversation and Asian diplomacy, and a detailed critique of a proposed federation of Reformed churches.
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Heresy Trials: How They May and Should Be Avoided

Duffield argues the Presbyterian constitution—private judgment, subscription to standards, majority rule and discipline—permits withdrawal and seeks to avoid formal heresy trials.
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Ordination Vows — In What Sense Binding?

Evangelist (Jan 11, 1900) surveys peace, war, missions and church news, highlighting a Presbyterian debate over ordination vows and subscription (Dr. McGiffert). Includes poems and reports.
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Revision of the Confession

Prof. J. T. Duffield reviews the proposed revision of the Westminster Confession, detailing the revision committee, debates (supralapsarianism vs. infralapsarianism), constitutionality, and subscription issues.
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